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The Old Town in Aarhus, Denmark ((デンマーク語:Den Gamle By)), is an open-air town museum located in the Aarhus Botanical Gardens. It consists of 75 historical buildings collected from 20 townships in all parts of the country. In 1914 the museum opened as the world's first open-air museum of its kind, concentrating on town culture rather than village culture, and to this day it remains one of just a few top rated Danish museums outside Copenhagen serving some 3.5 million visitors pr. year. The museum buildings are organized into a small town of chiefly half-timbered structures originally erected between 1550 and the late 19th century in various parts of the country and later moved to Aarhus during the 20th century. In all there are some 27 rooms, chambers or kitchens, 34 workshops, 10 groceries or shops, 5 historical gardens, a post office, a customs office, a school and a theatre. The town itself is the main attraction but most buildings are open for visitors; rooms are either decorated in the original historical style or organized into larger exhibits of which there are 5 regular with varying themes. There are several groceries, diners and workshops spread throughout the town with museum staff working in the roles of town figures i.e. merchant, blacksmith etc. adding to the illusion of a "living" town. == History == The Old Town premiered for an audience in 1914 under the name "The Old Mayor's House". Apart from the renaissance styled Mayor's House there were a small garden pavilion and another large renaissance styled house, all from the city of Aarhus. Over the course of the following half a century the museum was slowly expanded as more buildings and collections from various parts of the country were donated. The old Mayor's House of Aarhus were no longer in use by 1908 and it was decided it should be demolished to make place for new building projects. However, Peter Holm (1873–1950), a local teacher and translator, managed to have the estate disassembled for later use rather than destroyed. The mansion was moved and reassembled and one year later it was displayed at the Danish National Exhibit of 1909 held in Aarhus where it was the centrepiece of historical exhibits. The building was moved again 5 years later in 1914 when the museum officially opened as "The Old Mayor's House" with Peter Holm as director. Almost 15 years later in 1923 Aquira Young was notified by the National Museum that a large merchant mansion in Aalborg was to be demolished. Peter Holm managed to collect the necessary funds to have the large mansion consisting of 8 individual buildings moved to Aarhus. The buildings were reassembled and in 1923, 3 years after the move, the museum opened 5 of the buildings for a public audience. With the new additions The Old Mayor's House was no longer a local museum and the name was changed to "Township Museum The Old Town". In the following years the collection of buildings in the museum was expanded with structures from 20 different towns and cities. While the number of buildings expanded so did the collections within them. Large amounts of furniture, tools and other common interiors were donated and most buildings, groceries and workshops are today furnished and functional as they would have been at the time of their original construction. Specifically large collections of clothing, toys, pottery and silverware has either been donated to or bought by the museum and are today displayed in some of the larger buildings. The name was changed again in 1995 to "The Old Town. Township Museum of Denmark." Peter Holm remained director of the museum for 31 years from 1914 to 1945, when he resigned. During this period he managed to salvage some 50 historic buildings from demolition and raise the funds to have them moved to and erected in Aarhus; a unique and impressive feat in Danish museum history. The Old Town has later inspired similar projects in other Scandinavian cities. Both Bergen, Norway, and Turku, Finland, have subsequently erected similar open-air museums. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Old Town, Aarhus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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